Status of power generation and power supply position in the country

More than 132 GW power capacity under construction; more than 464 GW electricity capacity expected to be added by 2031-2032: Union Power and New & Renewable Energy Minister

New Delhi, Dec 19: The Union Minister for Power and New & Renewable Energy has informed that the Power sector has been transformed in the past few years. It was earlier power deficit. In the past nine years, power generation capacity of 1,93,794 MW has been added ensuring adequate availability of power. The demand has increased rapidly; and we have met the demand. There has been 50.8% increase in energy requirement in the country as compared to 2014. The peak demand has gone up from 135918 MW in 2013-14 to 243271 MW in September 2023. This is a rise of almost 79% and the demand has been met. The gap between energy requirement and energy supplied is just 0.3% – which is because of system constraints or some DISCOMs not having funds to procure power. The gap between peak demand and peak met is just 1.4%. The average gap between Peak demand and Peak supply was 4.5 % in 2013-14 – when the demand was just 136 GW.

The details of Power Supply Position in the country during the last year i.e. 2022-23 and the current year i.e. 2023-24 (up to November 2023) are given below.

The details of Power Supply Position of the country during the last year i.e. 2022-23 and the current year i.e. 2023-24 (up to November 2023)

*Provisional

The details of All India State-wise Power Supply position for the past two years and current year up to November 2023 are given in Annexure.

Details of source- wise Power Generation in the country for the past two years and current year up to October -2023 are given below. 

Details of source- wise Power Generation in the country for the past two years and current year up to October 2023

We have taken following steps to increase the production capacity between 2014-15 to 2023-24 in the country:

1. The installed capacity which was 248554 MW in March 2014 has been increased to 425536 MW in October 2023.  Installed capacity of coal-based generation has been increased from 139663 MW in March 2014 to 206825 MW in October 2023. Installed capacity of thermal power has increased from 139663 MW in March 2014 to 206825 MW in October 2023. Installed capacity of Renewable sector has increased from 75519 MW in March 2014 to 178983 MW in October 2023.
2. 1,87,849 circuit kilometer (ckm) of transmission lines, 6,82,767 MVA of Transformation capacity and 80,590 MW of Inter-Regional capacity has been added connecting the whole country into one grid running on one frequency with the capability of transferring 1,16,540 MW from one corner of the country to another. India’s grid has emerged as one of the largest unified grids in the world. Connecting the whole country into one grid has transformed the country into one unified power market. Distribution Companies can buy power at cheapest available rates from any generator in any corner of the country thereby enabling cheaper electricity tariffs for consumers.
3. India has committed to augment non fossil fuel based installed electricity generation capacity to over 500000 MW by 2030. Transmission plan for integration of 500000 MW RE capacity by 2030 is being implemented in a phased manner commensurate with RE capacity addition. At present about 179000 MW of non fossil fuel generation capacity is already integrated.
4.  Government has constructed Green Energy Corridors and put in place 13 Renewable Energy Management Centres. Presently Renewable Energy Capacity is 178000 MW and 99000 MW is under installation.
5. We have made efforts to make Power Sector viable. The AT&C losses have come down from 22.62% in 2013-14 to 15.41% in 2022-23.  All current payment of Gencos are up-to-date and the legacy dues of Gencos have come down from Rs. 1.35 lakh crore to Rs. 6000 Crore.  The subsidy payment to DISCOMS on account of subsidies announced by State Government are up-to-date.
6. Further, the Government of India has implemented Deen Dayal Upadhyaya Gram Jyoti Yojana (DDUGJY) and Integrated Power Development (IPDS) schemes to achieve the objective of providing uninterrupted power supply by strengthening the sub-transmission and distribution network. The Government of India has also implemented the Pradhan Mantri Sahaj Bijli Har Ghar Yojana- (SAUBHAGYA) with the objective to achieve universal household electrification for providing electricity connection to all willing un-electrified house hold in rural area and all willing poor household in urban areas in the country. Under these schemes, 18374 villages have been electrified and 2.86 crore household were provided electricity connections. As a result, 100% villages have been electrified. Besides this, 2927 new substations have been added, upgradation of 3965 existing sub stations has been carried out and 8.86 Lac circuit kms of HT and LT lines have been added/ changed. As a result of these measures, the availability of power in rural areas has increased from 12 hours in 2015 to 20.6 hours in 2023. The availability of power in urban areas is 23.6 hours.

According to the National Electricity Plan notified in May 2023, installed Capacity in the country for the year 2031-32 is expected to be 900,422 MW, out of which carbon-free capacity is expected to be 6,15,955 MW. Source wise details are as under:

1. Nuclear- 19,680 MW
2. Large Hydro-62,178 MW
3. Solar-364,566 MW
4. Wind-121,895 MW
5. Small Hydro-5450 MW
6. Biomass-15,500 MW
7. Pump Storage Power-26,686 MW

In addition to this, Battery Energy Storage System capacity of 47,244 MW/236,220 MWh is also expected to be installed.

In order to ensure an uninterrupted power supply for the nation’s growth, the anticipated capacity addition between 2023-32 is given below:

1. 27180 MW of Thermal Capacity is under construction, 12000 MW has been bid out and 19000 MW under clearances. The total anticipated Thermal capacity addition by 2031-2032 will be 87910 MW.
2. 18033.5 MW of Hydro Capacity (including stalled projects) is under construction and the total anticipated Hydro capacity addition by 2031-2032 will be 42014 MW.
3. 8000 MW of Nuclear Capacity is under construction and the total anticipated Nuclear capacity addition by 2031-2032 will be 12200 MW.
4. 78935 MW of Renewable Energy Capacity is also currently under construction and the anticipated RE capacity addition by 2031-32 will be 322000 MW.

Thus, total 1,32,148.5 MW of Capacity is under construction and the total anticipated capacity addition by 2031-2032 will be 4,64,124 MW.

Government has set an ambitious plan to meet the NDC (Nationally Determined Contribution) under COP-Paris Agreement of reducing the emissions intensity of its GDP by 45% by 2030 from 2005 level and achieving 50% of electric power installed capacity from non-fossil fuel by 2030.

We have taken several measures to promote development of Renewable Energy (RE) Projects in the country which, inter-alia, include the following:

1. Permitting Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) up to 100 percent under the automatic route;

2. Waiver of Inter State Transmission System (ISTS) charges for inter-state sale of solar and wind power for projects to be commissioned by 30th June 2025,

3. Declaration of trajectory for Renewable Purchase Obligation (RPO) up to the year 2029-30;
4. Setting up of Ultra Mega Renewable Energy Parks to provide land and transmission to RE developers for installation of RE projects at large scale;

Further, we have taken a number of policy initiatives, to boost the production of the hydropower in the country including the following:

1. Declaring Large Hydro Power (LHPs) (> 25 MW projects) as Renewable Energy source.

2.Hydro Purchase Obligation (HPO) as a separate entity. The HPO trajectory, for the period 2021-22 to 2029-30 has also been notified by the Govt. on 29.01.2021.

3. Tariff rationalization measures for bringing down hydro power tariff.

4. Budgetary Support for Flood Moderation/Storage Hydro Electric Projects (HEPs).

5. Budgetary Support to Cost of Enabling Infrastructure, i.e. roads/bridges.

 a) Rs. 1.5 crore per MW for projects upto 200 MW.

 b) Rs. 1.0 crore per MW for projects above 200 MW.

Besides above, we have also taken following initiatives:

1. Waiver of ISTS Charges on the transmission of power from new Hydro Power Projects, for which construction work is awarded and PPA is signed on or before 30.06.2025. Subsequently, part waiver of ISTS charges, in steps of 25% from 01.07.2025 to 01.07.2028, have been extended for HEPs for which construction work is awarded and PPA is signed up to 30.06.2028.
2. Waiver of ISTS charges has been inter-alia extended to Pumped Storage Projects for which construction work is awarded up to 30.06.2025, subject to certain conditions. Subsequently, part waiver of ISTS charges, in steps of 25% from 01.07.2025 to 01.07.2028, have been extended for PSPs for which construction work is awarded up to 30.06.2028.
3. Guidelines to promote development of Pumped Storage Projects issued on 10.04.2023.
4. Measures to reduce time and cost overrun in hydro-electric projects have been notified by MoP on 8-11-2019.
5. Dispute Avoidance Mechanism for avoidance and resolution of contractual disputes of contracts executed by hydro CPSUs at initial stage by engagement of an Independent Engineer has been devised on 27.09.2021.
6. Dispute Resolution Mechanism for resolution of disputes of contracts executed by CPSUs / other organizations under MoP through Conciliation Committees has been devised on 29.12.2021.
7. Introduction of Real Time Market (RTM), Green Day Ahead Market (GDAM), Green Term Ahead Market (GTAM), High Price Day Ahead Market (HP-DAM) in Power Exchanges. Also, DEEP Portal (Discovery of Efficient Electricity Price) for e-Bidding and e-Reverse for procurement of short-term power by DISCOMs was introduced.
8. Setting up of Ultra Mega Renewable Energy Parks to provide land and transmission to RE developers for installation of RE projects at large scale.
9. SHAKTI policy for transparent allocation of coal to Thermal Power plant was introduced, which enabled efficient domestic coal allocation to Thermal power plants and also ensured revival of various stressed Thermal Power projects.
10. Construction of the Inter-State transmission system ahead of the generation capacity.

ANNEXURE

This information has been given by the Union Minister for Power and New & Renewable Energy R. K. Singh, in written replies to three separate questions, in Rajya Sabha on December 19, 2023.

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